Specific category — STS
Pass the STS Theory Exam
A single theory exam unlocks access to both STS-01 and STS-02 practical scenarios. Taken on your national aviation authority's platform — cost and format vary by country.
Take the exam in my country →Pass mark
75% correct answers
Cost
Varies by country
Format
Often in-person, some online
Validity
5 years, valid across 31 states
Prerequisite
A1/A3 certificate required
Minimum age
18 years
What the STS theory certificate unlocks
Access to STS-01 practical assessment — fly over a controlled ground area in a populated environment (VLOS) with a C5 drone up to 25 kg
Access to STS-02 practical assessment — fly beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS) in sparsely populated areas with a C6 drone up to 25 kg
Both scenarios with one exam — the theory certificate is shared between STS-01 and STS-02, each only requiring a separate practical assessment
How to get certified — step by step
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1
Hold a valid A1/A3 certificate
The STS theory exam requires a valid A1/A3 certificate. If you haven't taken it yet, start there — it's free and fully online. The A2 certificate is not required.
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2
Register for the STS theory exam
Create an account or log in on your national aviation authority's platform. The exam is often taken in-person at an approved centre, though some countries now offer it online. Cost and format vary — see your country's guide below.
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3
Pass the exam and receive your theory certificate
Complete the multiple-choice exam covering all 9 STS knowledge modules. You need 75% to pass. Your STS theory certificate is valid for 5 years and covers both STS-01 and STS-02.
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4
Complete practical training with an approved centre
Once you hold the theory certificate, complete the practical assessment for STS-01, STS-02, or both with an approved training organisation (DTO or ATO). Each scenario has its own practical — you can do them separately or together.
What the exam covers
Take the exam in your country
Choose your country
The STS theory exam platform, cost, and format vary by country. Select your country for the step-by-step registration guide.
Frequently asked questions
Do I need the A2 certificate before taking the STS theory exam?
No. The only mandatory prerequisite is the A1/A3 certificate. You can go directly from A1/A3 to the STS theory exam — A2 is a separate certification path and is not required.
Does the STS theory exam cover both STS-01 and STS-02?
Yes. There is a single STS theory exam that covers all knowledge modules, including both STS-01 and STS-02 specific topics. Once you pass, your theory certificate unlocks access to both practical assessments — you choose which scenario to pursue based on your operational needs.
Is the STS theory exam online or in-person?
It depends on your country. Most EU member states require the STS theory exam to be taken in-person at an NAA-approved examination centre. Some countries are starting to offer it online. In France, it is taken in-person via the OCEANE platform and is called CATS (Certificat d'Aptitude Théorique Scénarios). Check your country's guide for the exact format.
How long does it take to prepare for the STS theory exam?
Most pilots spend several weeks preparing for the STS theory exam. The syllabus is significantly more technical than A1/A3 or A2, covering risk assessment, operational procedures, and the specific regulatory requirements for each scenario. Prior experience flying commercially is helpful but not required.
Is the STS theory certificate valid across Europe?
Yes. The STS theory certificate is issued under EASA regulations and is valid across all 31 EASA member states for 5 years. However, the practical assessment and resulting STS declaration are issued by the approved training centre and are also recognised EU-wide.
Do I need to renew the STS theory certificate?
Yes. The STS theory certificate is valid for 5 years and must be renewed by passing the exam again. Renewal of the practical STS declaration follows the rules of your approved training centre and may include a refresher assessment.